Contents ACKNOWLEDGMENTS CHAPTER I. BASIC ARGUMENTS FOR A UNIVERSAL FLOOD The Depth of the Flood The Duration of the Flood Twenty-one Weeks of "Prevailing" Thirty-one Weeks of "Assuaging" The Geology of the Flood The Size of the Ark The Need for an Ark The Testimony of the Apostle Peter The Total Destruction of a Widely-Distributed Human Race The Total Destruction of Humanity The Extensive Distribution of the Antediluvian Race Summary and Conclusion CHAPTER II. BASIC ARGUMENTS AGAINST AN ANTHROPOLOGICALLY UNIVERSAL FLOOD Introduction Indians in America Before the Flood The Babylonian Flood Account The Presuppositions of Age Determination Methods All Mankind Not Descended From Noah's Family The Sons of Noah The Table of Nations The Bible and Racial Distribution Anthropology and Racial Distribution Summary and Conclusion CHAPTER III. BASIC NON-GEOLOGICAL ARGUMENTS AGAINST A UNIVERSAL FLOOD Universal Terms Used in a Limited Sense Most Universal Terms Are to be Interpreted Literally The Context Determines the Meaning Universal Terms Are Literal in Genesis 6-9 Because of the Physical Phenomena Noah and the Animals Gathering the Animals to the Ark The Capacity of the Ark Caring for the Animals in the Ark The "Natural-Supernatural" Philosophy of Miracles Postdiluvian Animal Distribution Three Major Views Australian Marsupials Rapid Animal Dispersion Summary and Conclusion CHAPTER IV. UNIFORMIT ARIANISM AND THE FLOOD: A STUDY OF ATTEMPTED HARMONIZATIONS Introduction 89 Cuvier's Catastrophism and the Diluvium Theory Cuvier's Multiple Catastrophism Buckland's Diluvium Theory Lyell's Uniformitarianism and the Tranquil Theory The Rise of Uniformitarianism The Tranquil Theory The Language of Scripture The Imperiling of the Ark The Olive Leaf John Pye Smith and the Local Flood Theory The Birth of the Theory I Sir Leonard Woolley and the "Flood Stratum" at Ur The Local Flood Theory and Uniformitarian Geology Summary and Conclusion CHAPTER V. MODERN GEOLOGY AND THE DELUGE Introduction Geological Implications of the Biblical Record Tremendous Erosion from Rainfall Clouds Not the Source of the Deluge Rains Enlarged Ocean Basins Volcanic and Seismic Upheavals Unprecedented Sedimentary Activity Ideal Conditions for Fossil Formation Uniformitarianism Undermined by the Flood Basic Harmony of the Field Data and the Biblical Inferences Nature of Sedimentary Strata More Water in the Present Oceans Volcanism Earth Movements Fossilization The Uniformitarian Interpretation of Geology The Present: the Key to the Past Organic Evolution The Geologic Time-Table Methods of Resolving Contradictions The Inadequacy of Uniformity to Explain the Strata Volcanism and Igneous Rocks Earth Movements Continental Ice Sheets Phenomena of Sedimentation Fossil Graveyards Contradictions in the Uniformitarian System Misplaced Fossils Living Fossils Formations out of Sequence CHAPTER VI. A SCRIPTURAL FRAMEWORK FOR HISTORICAL GEOLOGY The Scriptural Divisions of Geologic History The Initial Creation Itself The Work of the Six Days of Creation The Antediluvian Period The Deluge The Modem Post-Deluge Period The Beginning of Creation The Origin of the Solar System The Origin of the Universe The Primeval Earth The Scientific Basis of Creation The First and Second Laws of Thermodynamics The Unique Processes of Creation The Entropy Principle and Evolution The Geologic Work of Creation Week The First Day The Second Day The Third Day Creation of "Appearance of Age" Modem Rejection of This Biblical Doctrine The "Steady-State" Cosmology The "Eternal Oscillation" Cosmology Importance of the Doctrine of a "Grown Creation" The World That Then Was "Waters Above the Firmament" No Rainfall Before the Flood Little Volcanic or Tectonic Activity Geologic Evidences of Antediluvian Climate Universally Warm Climate The Supposed Permian Glaciation Explanations of Climatic Change The "Greenhouse Effect" The Antediluvian Vapor Blanket Overflowed With Water The Destructive Power of Modern River Floods Destructive Power of Ocean Waves 26 Sedimentation and Fossilization During the Flood Emergence of the Lands New Atmospheric Movements Isostatic Readjustments The Order of the Strata Tectonic Origin of Continental Blocks Sequence of Stratified Beds Early Burial of Marine Creatures Hydrodynamic Selectivity of Moving Water Higher Mobility of the Vertebrates Burial of Land Animals and Plants Formation of Coal Beds The "Mesozoic" Strata and the Dinosaurs The Final Flood Deposits Tertiary Stratigraphy Mammals as Index Fossils Uplifts of the Pliocene Continuing Abnormal Conditions Post-Deluge Geologic Activity Freezing of Arctic Soils Siberian Mammoth Beds The Glacial Period Onset of the Ice Age Ice-Age Theories The Flood and the Glacial Period The Theory of Multiple Glaciations The Evidence for Only One Glaciation The End of the lee Age Sudden Warming of the Climate Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide Residual Effects of the Deluge Period Continuing Volcanic and Tectonic Disturbances Enclosed Lake Basins and Raised Beaches Raised River Terraces Evidence of Former Lower Sea Levels Summary and Conclusion CHAPTER VII. PROBLEMS IN BIBLICAL GEOLOGY Methods and Results of Geochronology The Lead Age Methods Experimental Difficulties Original Lead Leaching Lead Isotope Methods Radiogenic Lead Contamination Other Methods Discordant Ages The Rubidium Method The Potassium Methods The Significance of the Radioactivity Data The Fact of a "Grown" Creation and "Apparent Age" Variations in the Decay Rates Supposed Invariability The Decay Processes Alpha-Decay and the Potential Barrier External Energy Sources Cosmic Radiation The Van Allen Radiation Belt Agreement of Ages from Different Methods Creation of Accordant "Apparent Ages" Concordant Changes in Decay Rates Pleochroic Halos Supposed Correlation of Radioactivity and Stratigraphic Ages Extent of Agreement Cause of Apparent Limited Agreement Astronomic Methods of Age Measurement The Radiocarbon Dating of Recent Deposits Assumptions in the Method Carbon 14 and the Deluge Antediluvian Radiocarbon Proportions Postdiluvian Radiocarbon Proportions Contradictions in Geochronology Meteoritic Dust Meteorite Radioactivity Tektites Disintegration of Comets Atmospheric Helium Salt in the Sea Juvenile Water Crustal Accretion Post-Deluge Chronology Tree Rings Origin of Postdiluvian Civilizations Population Statistics Antediluvian Longevity and Radiation Effect of Canopy on Longevity Somatic Effects of Radiation Genetic Effects of Radiation Decrease in Life-Span after Precipitation of Canopy Formations Implying Slow Deposition Deposition and Lithification Coral Reefs Deep-Sea Sediments Evaporites Cave Deposits Buried Forests Varved Deposits Difficulties in Varve Interpretation Green River Formation Other Causes of Lamination Origin of Oil and Mineral Deposits Uniformitarianism and Petroleum Geology Stratigraphic Occurrence of Oil Fonnation of Petroleum Deposits Rapid Formation of Petroleum Pools Origin of Ore and Mineral Deposits Modern Significance of the Genesis...
